The 30-share BSE Sensex jumped 879.09 points, or 1.23%, to settle at 72,472.33 and the 50-share NSE Nifty rallied 288.65 points, or 1.30%, to end at 22,520.45
How the corporate model is changing higher education
Should the logic of a corporation become the model for an institution whose purpose is the creation and questioning of knowledge?
Court found that KSRTC, BMTC have lied blatantly in their certificates that some candidates were trained on repairing HGV and HPV fitted with petrol-powered engine
Plea to disqualify Mani C. Kappan MLA: Speaker seeks advice from Advocate General
Mumbai-based businessman Dinesh Menon had filed a petition seeking Mr. Kappans disqualification following his conviction in cheque-bounce cases.
Adhventha Hospital announces fellowship in interventional radiology
Delhi High Court stays order mandating Aadhaar biometrics-enabled attendance for prosecutors
According to the directive, all prosecuting officers must mark daily attendance on the biometric attendance machine or on their mobile phones through the attendance App at their respective district court complex/office of the district in-charge
Navi Pillay: A life dedicated to justice and human rights | Timeline
State use of intrusive surveillance tools must be lawful, says Keralam Home Minister Chennithala
At c0c0n-2026, the annual cybersecurity conference, the Home Minister also announced plans to revitalise Cyberdome, the Kerala Polices public-private partnership initiative for cybersecurity.
Tiruchi Railway Division embarks on a plan to plant 1.25 lakh saplings
The railways has joined hands with the Plant A Billion Trees (PABT), an NGO dedicated to planting and protecting trees, to identify plantation opportunities
Rupee rises 16 paise to close at 96.72 against U.S. dollar
Forex traders said the greenback weakened and crude oil prices eased following remarks by Trump that the U.S. would refrain from military action against Iran ahead of the November midterm elections
India Inc eyes 20-22% Q2 earnings growth as banks, autos and metals lead
Analysts note that the domestic market is currently caught between a resilient domestic economy and persistent foreign institutional investor outflows and subdued investor sentiment
We Cant Put Cops Everywhere! | DIG Traffic Haseeb ur Rehman on Kashmirs Traffic Crisis
In an exclusive podcast with Rising Kashmirs Abid Bashir, DIG Traffic Haseeb ur Rehman speaks about the growing challenges facing Kashmirs traffic system, enforcement gaps and the road ahead. He says technology will play a crucial role in managing traffic efficiently, as the department cannot deploy personnel at every location. Watch the full conversation for insights into Kashmirs traffic challenges, technology-driven enforcement and the solutions being planned.
Telangana CM Revanth to review El Nino impact, drought conditions on October 12
The action plan prepared by Telangana Cabinet sub-committee on drought mitigation, along with relief measures likely to be examined
How Indian design finds its place on the global stage
At Copenhagens 3DaysofDesign, Indian studios explored how traditional skills, material choices can shape modern design
Short: Railways Cancel trains ahead of Oct 10 CJP protest, Delhi Police on alert at borders
Short: Seven IUST scientists named among worlds top 2%
Short: A month of silence for Dachigams Hangul
Dasara book chariot sets out to promote Kannada literature
Additional Regional Commissioner Dr. P. Shivaraju expressed concern over the growing attraction of the younger generation towards digital media, and urged them to cultivate the habit of reading books
Team Premada Oorali on striking gold at the box office
Premada Oorali, a Kannada emotional drama led by Rangayana Raghu and fresh faces Shree Raam, Thapaswini Poonacha, and Ramika Shivu, is driven by director Manoj Kumars simple tale and Sunaad Gowthams catchy tunes
Sri Lanka appeals to Saudi Arabia to overturn migrant workers death penalty
Census 2027: Ensure every individual is counted, says Registrar General
Mrityunjay Kumar Narayan asks census officials in Andhra Pradesh to complete the second phase with accuracy and within deadlines
Chaar Yaar: Prime Video sets release date of upcoming crime-drama series
The series stars Purav Jha, Naman Jain, Saqib Ayyub, and Prayrak Mehta, Sai Tamhankar, Sikander Kher, Dibyendu Bhattacharya, Rajesh Tailang, Chunky Panday, and Bhagavathi Perumal
How could he (Bhattacharya) write on social media that Hindutva activists were behind the attack? He has insulted the entire Hindu community, Suvendu Adhikari said
CPI(M) worker convicted in BJP worker murder case
Vinayan was hacked to death at Kurichikkara in Champad on March 12, 2009.
CEC resignation: Saurav Das urges nationwide mobilisation ahead of october 10 Protest
Lakshadweep, Pune, Ras Al Khaimah in winter schedule of Mangaluru International Airport
Fly91 will launch services to Agatti and Pune while Air India Express will connect Ras Al Khaimah (UAE) and resume flights to Kuwait and Hyderabad
German machinery exports to India rise 11% as firms look beyond China
The proposed FTA between India and the European Union offers prospects for significant tariff reductions in the mechanical and plant engineering sector, potentially strengthening trade and investment ties.
Delhi University seeks campus safety audits, colleges must submit reports by October 12
The objective is first to collect data on where and what can be improved so that we can give the report to the LG and CM, and accordingly action for campus and women safety can be taken, DU Proctor Manoj Singh said
CJPs October 10 protest: Delhi police cite late application to deny CJP protest permission
From Pune to Delhi: protest organisers allege detentions ahead of october 10 rally
With just one day remaining before the proposed October 10 protest in Delhi, organisers including the Cockroach Janta Party, AISF and SFI have alleged that activists and students are being detained or questioned across multiple states. Student groups claim protesters travelling to Delhi have been stopped in places including Madhya Pradesh, while organisers allege detentions, police visits and questioning of activists families in several states. Meanwhile, Delhi Police have intensified security preparations, increased deployments and are monitoring mobilisation efforts ahead of the planned demonstration. As both sides present sharply different accounts, attention is turning to whether protesters will be able to reach Delhi and how authorities will respond on October 10.
Indias two realities: Women athletes triumph abroad, while young women back home demand safety
At the same time that Indias women athletes are rewriting records, girls are taking to the streets (yet again) to demand the right to be themselves
Drugs MDMA worth 1.58 crore seized in Mangaluru, three arrested
The Mangaluru police said the trio arrested by the CCB had procured the MDMA from Chandigarh
Koneru Humpy seeks government support for chess academy in Amaravati; Lokesh assures help
The Minister congratulates the Grandmaster on her individual bronze on Board 1 and the womens team bronze at the Chess Olympiad 2026
Ready to do everything in our power: Putin pledges Russia's support to Iran amid conflict with US
Turkmenbashi, Oct 9 : Russian President Vladimir Putin on Thursday said that Moscow was ready to do everything in its power to help Iran resolve the ongoing regional conflict with the US-Israel, as he met Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian in Turkmenistan and discussed bilateral ties and regional developments. Of course, the most pressing issue today is the situation in the region. We know that Iran is making concrete efforts to end the conflict that broke out in the region through no fault of its own. Iran has once again put forward new proposals to resolve the situation by peaceful means, Putin said during his opening remarks at the meeting, according to the Russian Foreign Ministry. You know our position, Mr President. For our part, we are ready to do everything in our power to help you resolve this situation, he added. Putin said the meeting provided an opportunity to discuss the regional situation and the development of bilateral relations between Russia and Iran. We met quite recently in Bishkek at the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Summit. Today, we have an opportunity to discuss the development of our relations, the situation in the region and how these processes are unfolding, he said. The Russian President said bilateral relations were developing positively under the two countries' fundamental treaty, signed early last year. As for bilateral relations, I would like to note that they are developing positively on the basis of our fundamental Treaty, signed early last year, Putin said, as per the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Highlighting economic cooperation, he said trade between the two countries grew by more than 21 per cent in 2025, with the positive trend continuing during the first seven months of 2026. Progress in the economic sphere is certainly positive. Trade grew by more than 21% in 2025, and this trend continued in the first seven months of this year, he said. Putin also highlighted humanitarian cooperation between the two countries, saying it set a good example, with numerous events taking place in both Russia and Iran. Overall, our relations are growing stronger. I would ask you to convey my very best wishes to Irans Supreme Leader for his well-being and every success, he added. Meanwhile, Pezeshkian told Putin that Iran would continue negotiations despite repeated attacks during previous rounds of engagement with the United States. We are in talks, but every time we engage in dialogue with America, they attack again; however, we will not withdraw from the negotiating table, Pezeshkian said, according to Iranian news agency ISNA. He said Iran had made proposals and the United States had also presented new proposals, which Tehran had revised. We had made proposals, and the Americans also presented new proposals that we have revised, and once they are finalized, we will sit down through intermediaries to wrap them up, Pezeshkian added. According to the official website of the Iranian President, the two leaders met on the sidelines of the Commonwealth of Independent States Summit and the Caspian Sea Environmental Summit in Turkmenistan. During the meeting, the two sides reviewed achievements in bilateral relations and discussed strengthening economic and strategic cooperation in key sectors, including energy, agriculture, transportation and trade. They also emphasised the need to accelerate the finalisation and completion of joint projects, along with their determination to expand comprehensive cooperation in line with the national interests of both countries and regional stability. The remarks come as on Thursday (local time) US President Donald Trump dismissed reports of possible fresh strikes against Iran, saying productive discussions are underway with Tehran and making clear that the United States will not attack Iran before the November 3 midterm elections. In a post on Truth Social, Trump said that the blockade on Iranian maritime traffic in the Strait of Hormuz would remain in place while claiming that oil was continuing to flow in record volumes through the strategic waterways with no Iranian oil involved. He also reiterated that Iran would not be allowed to possess a nuclear weapon. We are having productive discussions with the Islamic Republic of Iran. I want to make it clear to everybody that, while Iran is in very bad condition, both Economically and Militarily, and while the Blockade will remain in full force and effect, with Oil flowing in Record Numbers of Barrels through the Hormuz Strait (22 Million Barrels, last night alone, with not one barrel coming from, or going to, Iran!), we will not be attacking Iran at any time prior to the Midterm Elections to be held in the United States on November 3rd. Iran will not have a nuclear weapon ! the post read. Trump's statement came a day after reports that the Pentagon had been instructed to prepare for a possible resumption of major combat operations against Iran, potentially ahead of the midterms. However, Trump's latest statement ruled out an attack before the US midterm elections while saying that discussions with Iran were continuing.
Symbols of Anarchy: Pratul Shahdeo Attacks Rahul and Priyanka
Lawyer injured in attack by gang in Kattumannarkovil
Thanga Vikraman was on his morning walk when the assailants waylaid him on Chetty Street
Police send notices to students, CJP supporters ahead of October 10 Delhi protest
Maharashtra police have sent notices and made calls to students and CJP supporters, invoking Section 168 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, asking them not to join the Saturday (October 10, 2026) protest in Delhi
Nellore railway police recover 50 lost phones worth 10 lakh and return them to passengers
Special teams trace the phones using the CEIR portal and IMEI tracking
Expired products seized during inspection of ice cream units in Karnataka
Officials found unhygienic conditions at a unit in Raichur, and labelling violations at units in Bengaluru and Mysuru
Indias AI data centre boom sparks protests over water, power and environmental concerns
Indias push to become a global AI hub is facing growing opposition as tech giants Amazon, Google and Microsoft invest billions in data centres across the country. Residents near these facilities are raising concerns over water consumption, electricity demand, noise and the loss of green spaces. From Mumbai to Andhra Pradesh, communities and environmentalists are questioning the impact of these projects. As Indias AI infrastructure expands, can technological growth come without putting additional pressure on local resources and communities?
Kashmir-born SaffronKingdom director released in the U.S. after 14 days: family
According to a U.S.-based advocacy group, Sheikh Arfats bond was granted on the morning of October 6, but he was kept at the Caroline Detention Center in Bowling Green, Virginia
Poster and glimpse of Telugu film Ninnati Kadhalo Nenu unveiled at Andhra Loyola College
The films director, cast and crew answer students questions on direction, acting, music and cinematography
CJP protest on October 10: Delhi Police seek closure of 57 Metro stations | Full list
Delhi Police request the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation to close the entry and exit gates of 57 Metro stations from 9pm on Friday (October 9, 2026). The proposed restrictions to continue through October 10, 2026
Delhi Police register 25 FIRs over SIR protests since October 2
The FIRs relate to alleged vandalism, assaults on police personnel and violation of prohibitory orders, with Congress leaders Rahul Gandhi and Priyanka Gandhi Vadra among those named
Navi Pillay | Enabler of justice
The Indian-origin head of the U.N. Independent Inquiry Commission on Palestine has had an illustrious career in humanitarian law
NIMHANS launches online course to train faculty as student well-being ambassadors
The initiative is among the steps towards implementing Karnatakas student mental health policy for higher education
MeT Forecasts Dry Weather in J&K, Light Rain Likely at Few Places Late Night
Srinagar, Oct 9: The Meteorological Centre Srinagar has forecast light rain across Jammu and Kashmir on October 10, with light snowfall likely over higher reaches, while thunder and gusty winds are expected at many places on October 13 and 14. According to the weather forecast issued by the MeT Centre Srinagar, the weather is likely to remain generally dry on October 9, with a brief spell of light rain possible at a few places towards late night. On October 10, generally cloudy conditions are expected, with light rain at scattered to many places and light snowfall over higher reaches. The weather is likely to remain generally dry on October 11 and 12. However, cloudy conditions are expected to return on October 13 and 14, with light rain, light snowfall over higher reaches, thunder and gusty winds at many places. A brief spell of light rain is possible at a few places on October 15, while generally dry weather is forecast from October 16 to 18. Meanwhile, the MeT Centre has advised farmers to continue harvesting and ensure the safe storage of harvested apples and paddy. It has also warned of the possibility of thunder and gusty winds on October 10 and October 1314.
IMC 2026: iQOO 16, Motorola Signature 27 and Xiaomi 18 Pro to run Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 6 processor
The premium flagship processor is said to enhance agentic AI, camera capabilities, battery, gaming and thermal performance of the smartphones
Navanethem Navi Pillay wins Nobel Peace Prize 2026
Ms. Pillay is a judge on the International Court of Justice in the case where Myanmar stands accused of genocide..
Mumbai Police ban firecrackers, laser lights on public roads till December 4 following HC order
The order, issued under Section 163 of the BNSS, follows a Bombay High Court direction on curbing noise and environmental pollution during festivals
Naidu and Lokesh pay tribute to Ratan Tata on his death anniversary
The Chief Minister says the Ratan Tata Innovation Hub in Andhra Pradesh is a tribute to the industrialists legacy; the IT Minister recalls his humility and integrity
Supreme Courts remarks came in an oral mention by senior lawyers against the complete shutdown of Delhi ahead of Oct 10 protests
Adivasi-Dalit outfits call Congress-led UDF government to replace existing committee studying Land Reforms 2.0 with broader commission to formulate a comprehensive land reform policy
Bookpeek: A different life, with less oil around
Once a strictly functional space, the bathroom is now getting bigger and jazzier
What are the reforms proposed by the GST Council?
After having sorted out most of the rate-related complications in GST during its last meeting in September 2025, the GST Council has now unveiled several process reforms that could further overhaul how the tax is administered in the country
Hyderabads Nomads Taco earns Mexicos Sello M distinction for authentic cuisine
The certification assesses restaurants on their use of traditional Mexican recipes, characteristic ingredients, cooking techniques and culinary expertise, with the aim of preserving Mexicos food heritage beyond its borders
With great fandom comes great cosplay: Hyderabad gears up for Comic Con 2026
The event, to be held at Bharat Future City from December 11-13, will feature international guests, cosplay competitions and Indie Game Utsav, though the venues distance has raised concerns among enthusiasts
Response to comments on the Aakash Op-Ed
In response to an Op-Ed he had written for The Hindu, UK-based science and technology writer Akshat Rathi received some interesting comments from our readers. Here are his clarifications.
Eyes series review: Manu Ashokans show pans in on stalking, sans the romanticising
Despite the length of each episode, Eyes, directed by Manu Asokan, is an interesting one-time watch. The performances of the actors add heft to it
The German Bakery re-opened this May, but unlike Leopold Caf in Mumbai, it refuses to acknowledge its horrific past.
Srinagar, Oct 9: Senior Advocate Ashok Bhan was honoured by the International Law Centre for his professional excellence and contribution to the legal fraternity. I receive this honour from the International Law Centre with profound gratitude and humility. I accept it not as a personal distinction, but as a tribute to the legal fraternitythe quiet, steadfast force whose dedication keeps the pillars of our constitutional democracy standing. For more than four and a half decades, I have served this profession as a lifelong student: with diligence, with integrity and with an unwavering faith in constitutionalism, he said. Ashok Bhan said, To the young lawyers gathered here, I say this: law is more than a profession; it is a solemn trust placed in your hands. It binds you to society, to the Constitution and to the cause of justice. A strong judicial system is the bedrock of democracy, and an independent judiciary is the shield that protects every citizens rights and liberties. He further added, To the young members of the Bar: pursue excellence, but never purchase it at the cost of integrity. Deepen your knowledge with humility; let courage be guided by compassion. Read the Constitution not as a relic of the past, but as a living promise renewed in every generation. Defend the independence of the judiciary, uphold the highest standards of professional ethics and never allow ambition to eclipse your duty to justice. The Supreme Court of India stands at the heart of our constitutional order. It is entrusted with preserving equality, pluralism, diversity and the rule of lawvalues that give our Republic both its character and its conscience. As guardian of the Constitution and fundamental rights, it must ensure that constitutional values rise above power, prejudice and arbitrariness. In a nation woven from countless languages, faiths, cultures and histories, the judiciary must remain a vigilant guardian of equal citizenship, individual dignity, liberty, social harmony and justice for all. The future of our judicial system rests as much upon the integrity, scholarship and courage of lawyers as upon the wisdom of judges. A fearless judiciary cannot endure without a fearless and responsible Bar. Let your advocacy become a bridge for those whose voices are unheard, a safeguard for those whose rights are threatened and a source of strength for public faith in justice. Serve the law with conviction, defend liberty without hesitation and help ensure that justice remains not a distant ideal, but a living right belonging to every citizen, Bhan said.
A typical Riff evening begins under the rising moon at the foot of the fort, at Jaswant Thada, a ceremonial platform with sweeping a view of Jodhpur
Former DMK Minister E.V. Velu and son E.V. Kumaran seek anticipatory bail in lake bed mining case
Justice V. Lakshminarayanan grants time till October 13, 2206 for the Directorate of Vigilance and Anti Corruption to file its written objections
Two Bills to be considered in nine-day Keralam Assembly session starting October 12
As per the approved schedule, two Bills Kerala Court Fees and Suits Valuation (Amendment) Bill, 2026, and Madras Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments (Amendment) Bill, 2026 will be considered during the session
Passengers can book tickets in advance through the TGSRTC website www.tgsrtcbus.in
Arundhati Menon, a reviver of handloom textiles, and synonymous with the boutique 'Shilpi', now creates and designs at a leisurely pace with individualcarftspersons
Two SC men fall at BC villagers feet after row over burial of 90-year-old in Erode cemetery
On October 5, when members of the SC community were taking the elderly mans body to a common burial ground, the dominant-caste residents opposed them. They were threatened and told not to approach members of the dominant caste for any work in the future
APSRTC driver dying of a heart attack brings his bus and 40 passengers to a safe halt
The 34-year-old APSRTC driver pulls the Kakinada-Visakhapatnam bus over near Tuni and parks it before collapsing at the wheel
Big Screen: Good Night Good Morning Love, of a different kind
KFTA Delegation Calls on Sajjad Lone, Raises Concerns of J&Ks Film Fraternity
Srinagar : A delegation of the Kashmir Film & Television Association (KFTA) on Thursday called on Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Conference president Sajjad Lone and apprised him of the concerns and grievances of the indigenous film fraternity in Jammu and Kashmir. The delegation, led by KFTA chairman and Kashmir World Film Festival (KWFF) founder and director Mushtaaque Ali Ahmad Khan, included Zameer Ashai, Hussein Khan, Aarif Zeeshan, Manzoor Mir, Hassan Javaid, Afnan Ashai and other members of the valleys film fraternity. During the meeting, the artists and filmmakers expressed concern over what they described as the exclusion of local filmmakers, artists and technicians from the recently held International film festival in J&K. The filmmakers urged Lone to take up their concerns at the appropriate forums, stressing that future international film festivals in J&K should involve experienced local film professionals in their planning and execution. They also sought greater institutional support for established indigenous platforms, particularly the KWFF, which, according to the delegation, has played a sustained role in promoting cinema and film culture in Kashmir. The delegation said the contribution of earlier local film initiatives should be acknowledged in the official cultural history of Jammu and Kashmir.
Delhi court grants Brij Bhushan time to reply to plea against acquittal
When the Court asked the Delhi Police if it was going to file an appeal, the public prosecutor said a decision on the issue is yet to be taken, and sought 15 days to inform the Court about the decision
Till his last days he remained passionate about theatre. Rishi Majumder remembers a true theatrewala, Pandit Satyadev Dubey
P.K. Krishnadas alleges UDFs handling of EDs demand for a criminal case against Pinarayi Vijayan has again exposed CPI(M)s symbiotic relationship' with Congress in Keralam
Hyderabad Police Commissioner points out that birthday celebrations and cake-cutting activities on Tank Bund were already prohibited under existing regulations
What is a Calicut lobster curry doing in Charlotte, North Carolina?
Armed with a Michelin Bib Gourmand recognition under his belt at the age of 30, Cchef Vamshi Krishna Adi wants to take Indian fine dining to urban centrescenters outside the metropolises of the US. We speak to him about the roller coaster journey behind his restaurant, Zamindars Clubhouse
Puducherry bypoll result: AINRC retains Thattanchavady seat with huge margin
Ashok Anands margin of victory was almost double that of Puducherry CM and AINRC founder N. Rangasamy, who won the seat in the April 2026 Assembly elections
Kevin Rudd warns U.S., China of potential AI security crisis, calls for urgent cooperation
Kevin Rudd said the growing ability of autonomous AI systems to infiltrate or attack digital infrastructure presented significant risks to national security, financial systems and essential services.
The decision comes two days after CJP co-convener Saurav Das submitted an intimation letter to the Delhi Police on October 7, informing them of the planned demonstration and seeking arrangements for law and order and traffic management
Seven killed, 20 injured in truck-pickup collision in Gujarats Kutch
The accident occurred between 3 a.m. and 4 a.m. inside the Renewable Energy Park near Khavda.
CJP protest: Trains to two Delhi stations cancelled from 4 a.m. to 2 p.m. on Oct. 10
Trains to New Delhi and Nizamuddin Railway stations cancelled over severe road traffic congestion; letter sent to all Zonal Railways
Understanding Gandhis re-emergence in Indias oppositional politics
Gandhis return to the centre of opposition politics shows a wider churn in India, with protests, citizen action and new political movements seeking greater accountability and systemic change; despite efforts to diminish his legacy, his emphasis on bottom-up political change remains relevant
Srinagar, Oct 9: Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah on Friday extended greetings to the people of Jammu and Kashmir on the auspicious occasion of the Urs of Alamdar-e-Kashmir, Hazrat Sheikh Noor-ud-Din Noorani (RA). In a post on X, Office of CM wrote, Chief Minister Omar Abdullah on Friday extended heartfelt greetings to the people of Jammu and Kashmir on the auspicious occasion of the Urs of Alamdar-e-Kashmir, Hazrat Sheikh Noor-ud-Din Noorani (RA), revered as Nund Rishi (RA). He said the timeless teachings of Sheikh-ul-Alam (RA), rooted in spirituality, compassion, peace and harmony, continue to inspire generations and remain an enduring part of Kashmirs rich spiritual and cultural heritage, the post reads. The Chief Minister prayed that the blessed occasion brings peace, prosperity and well-being to all.
Justice Nagu was the Chief Justice of the Punjab and Haryana High Court immediately before his appointment on the Bench of the Supreme Court
U.S. Green Card hits Indian IT Giants such as HCL, Infosys alongside Microsoft
Rohit Barker is betting big on house and Latin music with his new club in the heart of Bengaluru
Bahati is RJ and DJ Rohit Barkers new spot in Bengaluru. We chat with the artiste about the citys evolving nightlife, its taste in music, and leopard spotting in Masai Mara
While Lakshadweep was found to be the most affected, with up to 37% of the coral cover bleached or dead at intermediate levels of accumulated heat stress, Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park (MGMNP) in AndamanIslands faced only 11.5% bleaching or mortality.
From mission to action future of road safety in Tamil Nadu
Road safety requires sustained attention, coordination across multiple agencies, dedicated resources, measurable targets, and continuous monitoring, rather than a series of isolated interventions
