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US student loans and tax planning 2025: Four year-end steps for IRS and IDR borrowers

US student loan borrowers face key tax changes as 2025 ends. Federal student loan forgiveness will again be taxable, and the IRS has resumed garnishing refunds for borrowers in default. Experts advise compiling forgiveness records, planning for state taxes, calculating student loan interest deductions, and addressing defaults through income-driven repayment plans or loan rehabilitation. Following these steps can help borrowers minimise federal and state tax liabilities and protect expected refunds as year-end approaches.